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Conceptual Notes by Rohit Sir

Power Sharing

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the capital of Belgium?
Brussels
2. The principle of majoritarianism led to a civil war in ______.
Sri Lanka
3. Which of the following is not the benefit of power sharing?
Should you be satisfied if you get their period.
4. Tamil matters of Sri Lanka are called ______.
Sri Lankan Tamils
5. Which of the following is not the form of power sharing?
Division of power shooting
6. What is linguistic composition of Belgium?
59% speaks Dutch, 40% speaks French, and 1% speaks German.
7. Which language was recognised as the official language after independence in Sri Lanka?
Sinhala
8. Which are the two major ethnic groups of Belgium?
Dutch and French
9. Most of the Sinhala-speaking people in Sri Lanka are—
Buddhists
10. Sri Lanka became independent in the year.
1948
11. What does Tamil eelam mean?
Tamil state
12. There is a third kind of govt. apart from the central and the state govt. in Belgium, what is this govt. known as?
Community govt.

Answer the following questions

1. Explain the difference between horizontal power sharing and vertical power sharing.

Horizontal power sharing:

  1. Under the horizontal power sharing, power is shared among the different organs of the government such as the legislative, the executive and the judiciary.
  2. Under horizontal distribution of power, the organs of the govt. are placed at the same level to exercise different powers.
  3. Under this system, each organ checks the other.

Vertical power sharing:

  1. Under the vertical power sharing, power is shared among the different levels of the government.
  2. The vertical division of power involves the higher and the lower levels of the government.
  3. Under this system, the lower organs work under the higher organs.
2. What is a civil war? Explain with context to Sri Lanka.

Civil war is a violent conflict between opposing groups within a country that becomes so intense that it appears like a war.

  1. Due to the violent conflict between both ethnic groups in Sri Lanka, thousands of people of both communities have been killed.
  2. Many families were forced to leave the country as refugees and many more lost their livelihoods.
  3. The civil war has caused a terrible setback to the social, cultural and economic life of the country.
3. What is power sharing? Why is it important in a democracy?

Power sharing means the distribution of power among different organs and levels of government.

It is important because:

  1. It prevents the concentration of power in one hand.
  2. It ensures stability in democracy.
  3. It promotes unity and reduces conflict among different groups.
4. What is community government? Explain the concept of community government with context to Belgium.

A community government is one in which different social groups are given the power to handle the affairs related to their communities.

They are expected to work jointly for the common benefit of the people without undermining any one community.

The community government is elected by people belonging to one language community — Dutch, French and German-speaking — no matter where they live.

5. Why is power sharing desirable? Explain moral reasons in this regard.

Moral reasons:

  1. Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy. A democratic rule involves sharing power with those affected by its exercise and who have to live with its effects.
  2. People have a right to be consulted on how they are to be governed.
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